Forever Typing Use of Fatherhood in “The Kite Runner”

â€Å"The Kite Runner† by Kahleed Hosseini has been deemed a ‘big hit’ by Craig Wilson, journalist for USA Today, selling more than 1.4 million copies, and requiring 17 printings at the time the article was printed, April, 2005. Some have called it a â€Å"certifiable phenomena for a first-time author in today’s anemic book market† (Singh), others still have said â€Å"is about the price of peace, both personal and political† (Hill). Hosseini has already made himself a success with The Kite Runner. Hosseini, in his novel The Kite Runner, illustrates that by being a father, one opens himself to a guilt that can destroy. In â€Å"The Kite Runner† there are many fathers we introduced to : Baba, Rahim Kahn, Ali, and eventually, the narrator, Amir. However, I†¦show more content†¦When Rahim Kahn tells Amir â€Å"There is a way to be good again†, he is not only referring to Amir’s sins, but his own as well (Hosseini 2). There is a way for us to redeem our sins. This is especially important to Rahim Kahn, who is also dying of a disease that is not named. This disease parallels Baba’s cancer in that is also symbolic of the guilt that Rahim Kahn has amassed over the years by being a father to both Hassan and Amir. The last father I will speak of is Amir. Amir is main narrative voice for most of the novel and thus serves as out storyteller. As we read â€Å"The Kite Runner†, it is in his narrative voice that we watch him grow from child to adolescent to adult to a father. The significance of this is that we don’t have that luxury for any of the other characters. There is a definitive change in tone from when Sohrab is going to live with Betty Caldwell and when Amir decided to take him to America. The tone becomes darker, more driven, as Amir had made a choice to take in his half-nephew. But this new tone also opens Amir up to the feelings of guilt and self-blame that occurs when Sohrab attempts suicide. Perhaps it was this tone that Baba and Rahim Kahn held inside their own personal monologues for so long. Another reason was Amir’s narrative voice is so significant is that Amir decides when

Essay on Antony and Cleopatra - 1655 Words

As a onetime outpost of Rome, England was greatly influenced by Roman genealogy-ancestors that were god-like (Mars), superhuman (Hercules), fearless warriors (Pompey) who flourished in a patriarchal society (ancient 4). I would like to discuss how Shakespeare uses these characteristics in his Roman tragedy Antony and Cleopatra, as a means to express sixteenth century Englands cultural upheavals, one of which was the transformation of masculinity defined in terms of power to masculinity rooted in humanism. Traditionally, the monarch of a country is the head of the nobility(Giddens 2) and skilled in weaponry so as to fight side by side with his soldiers. Queen Elizabeth shattered this tradition with her femininity and physical†¦show more content†¦Pompey is strong at sea, And it appears he is beloved of those That only have feared Caesar. To the ports The discontents repair, and mens reports Give him much wronged. (1.4.34-40) This passage speaks of important activity all of which deals with the power that comes from Caesars past exploits and the current campaign in which Pompey equals Caesars achievement of honor. Compare this to the conversation Caesar and Lepidus have about Antonys change in character. Our great competitor. From Alexandria This is the news: he fishes, drinks, and wastes The lamps of night in revel; is not more manlike Than Cleopatra, nor the queen of Ptolemy More womanly than he; hardly gave audience, or Vouchsafed to think he had partners. You shall find there A man who is the abstract of all faults That all men follow. (1.4.3) From Bacons perspective, as well as Caesars, Antonys behavior is slothful and is viewed as stripping him of his manly honour. His manners have slid from those of a powerful military leader to those of a drunk. His masculinity is described as equal to Cleopatras femininity. He deserves this criticism because he chooses to retreat from war in favour of sensual pleasure. Although he is a Roman warrior, he realizes that it is the activity of life, not war, that he yearns to explore. Encased in the mold of Roman virtus, i.e. courage and leadership, is a place ofShow MoreRelatedWilliam Shakespeares Presentation of Cleopatra in Antony and Cleopatra2014 Words   |  9 PagesWilliam Shakespeares Presentation of Cleopatra in Antony and Cleopatra The presentation of Cleopatra in Act three Scene thirteen is quite ambiguous. Her presentation in the rest of the play is also very contrasting and distinct. I believe Shakespeare concentrated on demonstrating Cleopatras personality and ambiguity to emphasise that, being the only central female in the play, it is even more surprising that she manages to act the way she does, with such an alarming range Read MoreAntony And Cleopatra Relationship Essay1088 Words   |  5 PagesThe relationship between Antony and Cleopatra is something we can only speculate about after analysing the writings from ancient history. The main written accounts of the couple come primarily from Roman writers, therefore are largely based on the cultural, political and possibly personal beliefs of the individuals who wrote them. An important similarity between the two passages would be that both were originally ‘written in the early part of the second century CE, more than 150 years after theRead More Essay on Relationships in Antony and Cleopatra1233 Words   |  5 PagesRelationships in Antony and Cleopatra  Ã‚   Antony and Cleopatras â€Å"love† is not really about love at all.   Their interaction can only be considered a sort of immature lust-power relationship. Their relationship is shallow, self-centered, irresponsible and destructive. Their attraction for each other centers around infatuation and a sort of egoistic rush that they are more important than the world.   Just as a man or woman of today may attempt to control the desires of his or her intended, Cleopatra wantsRead More Essay on the Love Story of Antony and Cleopatra1645 Words   |  7 PagesStory of Antony and Cleopatra      Ã‚   The tragedy of Antony and Cleopatra can be said to have an overall effect of comical lightness. In this way, it is altogether different from the preceding tragedies, although the tragedy that leads to the death and destruction of Antony and Cleopatra is definitely a matter of choice rather than of circumstances that engulf the hero. Yet, ultimately their tragic ending differs greatly from the ominous feeling of those that preceded it. Antony and Cleopatra concernsRead More The tragic in Antony and Cleopatra Essay3706 Words   |  15 PagesThe tragic in Antony and Cleopatra His captains heart, Which in the scuffles of great fights hath burst The buckles on his breast, reneges all temper And is become the bellows and the fan To cool a gipsys lust. Antony and Cleopatra seems to have a special place in Shakespeares works because it is at a crossroad between two types of play. It clearly belongs to what are generally called the Roman plays, along with Coriolanus and Julius Caesar. But it is also considered a tragedy. TheRead More William Shakespeares Antony and Cleopatra Essay2216 Words   |  9 PagesWilliam Shakespeares Antony and Cleopatra Shakespeare’s Antony and Cleopatra is aptly named, not just because the play centers around these two characters, but also because it encompasses the play’s fixation on the lovers’ oppositional relationship. On the surface level, Antony embodies the Roman ideals of a good, noble man, while Cleopatra represents the hyper-sexualized, dangerous Eastern woman. However, upon further examination both Antony and Cleopatra display complicated internal conflictsRead MoreWilliam Shakespeares Antony and Cleopatra Essay1600 Words   |  7 PagesWilliam Shakespeares Antony and Cleopatra In the play Antony and Cleopatra, the character of Cleopatra is one of many dimensions and be seen a person of complex diversity. Her personality is mainly about taking life as one big celebration most of her timeRead MoreThe Central Concerns of the Antony and Cleopatra by William Shakespeare1427 Words   |  6 PagesThe Central Concerns of the Antony and Cleopatra by William Shakespeare This essay will look at two of the central concerns in Antony and Cleopatra, namely reason versus passion and the public versus private domains. These two central concerns of the play are clearly illustrated in the extract we are provided with. I will mainly focus on the character of Antony in this essay as it is within him that these two concerns of the play are most evident. In the beginningRead MoreThe Selfishness of Human Nature in Shakespeares Antony and Cleopatra627 Words   |  3 PagesThroughout the play of â€Å"Antony and Cleopatra† Shakespeare focuses on the selfishness of human nature, particularly on the interactions of Antony and Cleopatra. Antony infatuated by his romance with Cleopatra, disregards his duty in the Roman Empire as well as his loyal followers to chase after his flame. Cleopatra pursues Antony’s love despite he is married, and only cares about the status of their relationship. She even fakes her death so that Antony declares his affections for her, disregardingRead MoreThe Presentation of Rome and Egypt in the Play Antony and Cleopatra793 Words   |  4 Pagesthe Play Antony and Cleopatra One of the foremost of themes in the play of Antony and Cleopatra alongside â€Å"tragedy† and â€Å"love† is the differences between the two â€Å"worlds† of Rome and Egypt. Throughout the play, Shakespeare frequently presents and demonstrates to the audience the reality and differences between these two â€Å"worlds† in many ways and forms. In this essay I will discuss how Shakespeare does this and how he presents it to the audience. Antony, who is the

The Problem Of Substance Abuse - 2107 Words

Substance abuse is a contributing factor and very often a result of homelessness. Homeless youth are at greater risk for addiction and addicted youth are at greater risk of being homeless. According to a study by Peterson et.al. (2006). Homelessness and addiction have many correlations. The financial, social, physical, and psychological effects are profound. Financially, it is very difficult to support a household and a habit. Many homeless people choose to spend what meager funds they acquire on drugs, alcohol, cigarettes, or whatever their addiction happens to be. Often you will see a homeless person flying a sign and smoking a cigarette. In spite of the fact that they are begging on the street for whatever few cents they can persuade passers-by to part with, their first few dollars goes to purchase cigarettes rather than food. While cigarettes may not cause you to be homeless, it is a symptom of a much deeper problem. Socially, one of the things that often occurs with homeless, addicted youth is disaffiliation. The isolation and withdrawal from society in general. The weakening of important social and societal bonds that normally provide the support system that is so important in this phase of their development Thompson et al.,(2009). This estrangement may manifest in the form of trouble with the law, poor academic performance, or withdrawal from relationships that formerly held significance. The anti-social manner of day to day survival can also be a contributingShow MoreRelatedThe Problem Of Substance Abuse1379 Words   |  6 Pagesdo anything to satisfy their personal need(Whelan et al., 2013). In this paper I will be focusing on a 26 year old women named Aimee Parry and her addiction to fentanyl. According to Larm et. al, (2015) substance abuse is defined as an overindulgence in or dependence on an addictive substance, especially alcohol or drugs. I will be applying the following three theories of drug use to this intervention case, the Gateway, Bio genetic theory, and Merton s strain theory. Firstly, the Gateway theoryRead MoreThe Problem Of Substance Abuse942 Words   |  4 Pagesdetermine potential disorders that may be the root to a problem. Though at times a client may seek counseling with a known substance abuse issue there are more cases where a client is oblivious to the potential contribution that substance abuse has on the problem that help is sought for. Understood that substance dependency is nondiscriminatory to age, gender, race or creed, a therapist approaches the matter with the client knowing that a problem is recognized and there is a hope for a solution beingRead MoreThe Problem With Substance Abuse1482 Words   |  6 Pagesworking publically to support specific causes, address problems, actively participating in politics and lobbying for a cause/ belief. Vocally working to support individual patients needs or rights, and working to educate the public regarding the cause. Nurses should be observant of patient’s behaviors and sensitive to pat ient’s communication cues. (Felicilda-Reynaldo, 2015) Substance abuse patients most often deny or downplay that they have a problem. The patient has to be honest with themselves and theyRead MoreThe Problem Of Substance Abuse Essay779 Words   |  4 Pages The biggest social problem in my community that has the biggest impact on the future of the children, in my opinion, would have to be the incredible amount of substance abuse that occurs in a town with a population of only (approx.) 1,400 people. I say this because this problem isn’t something that only a couple of the citizens suffer from and it doesn’t just happen behind closed doors. A surprising amount of people in this community are openly addicted to one drug or another and that is not includingRead MoreSubstance Abuse Is Not A New Problem894 Words   |  4 PagesSubstance Abuse Drug abuse is not a new problem, it has been happening for the longest time, abusing drugs has always been an interesting topic to me because I have never been able to grasp the concept of why addicts start or continue when it is clearly obvious that it has negative effects on the human body. It is a popular conception of common sense, but is false. Drug abusers sometimes are not educated enough to know the damages or the addict truly believes they are not addicted. This topic sparksRead MoreThe Problem Of Substance Abuse And Addiction752 Words   |  4 Pagescocaine was used medicinally as an analgesic and Freud himself was also researching other uses for this substance until he learned its addictive qualities. Even after he stopped promoting cocaine publically and considered this simply a chapter in his life, his usage did not stop entirely as he continued to use for various expressed reasons. Even in the background of this very subject substance abuse and addiction can be seen wh ether through research for the greater good that went bad or just addictionRead MoreThe Problem Of Elderly Substance Abuse1490 Words   |  6 PagesPeople are often surprised to learn that elderly people abuse drugs and alcohol at extremely high rates. In fact, elderly substance abuse has become something of an unknown epidemic in the country, impacting an ever-increasing number of people. Sadly, this problem is often ignored or misunderstood and elderly people with addictions rarely get the help they need. Hopefully this problem changes for the good before it changes for the bad. Until then, it s worth knowing more about it, including theRead MoreSubstance Abuse : A Social Problem1608 Words   |  7 Pagessocial problems, some common issues that come up relate to the environment, discrimination, poverty, healthcare, and more. While these issues are important and must be addressed, we must also take substance abuse into consideration because it is all too often neglected. According to the World Health Organization, substance abuse â€Å"refers to the harmful or hazardous use of psychoactive substances, including alcohol and illicit drugs† (Substance). Individuals who become victims of substance abuse becomeRead MoreSubstance Abuse And Mental Health Problems877 Words   |  4 PagesFINAL PROJECT 2 Introduction Substance abuse and mental health problems are serious issues in our society. These problems appear to be associated, so it is necessary to look at both and how they interact (Ramchand). Substance abuse can bring about or exacerbate existing mental health problems, including suicidal ideation and attempts. Medical professionals cannot begin to resolve the issue of substance abuse related suicidal ideation or attempts unless they have an effective solutionRead MoreProblems With Sexual Health And Substance Abuse1452 Words   |  6 PagesProblems with sexual health and substance abuse are prevalent in the New York City area. ). â€Å"Reproductive and sexual health covers a broad range of health needs from adolescence forward, including the reproductive system, sexually transmitted diseases, HIV, and fertility. Untreated STDs can lead to serious long-term health consequences† (Healthy people 2020, 2015. An estimated 19 million new cases of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs ) are diagnosed each year in the United States; almost half of

Breaking Down the Doors of Society Free Essays

Society as we know it today has changed day by day as the world around us advances in many different ways. Advancements in science, technology, education, politics, human rights and many other areas have led to the shifts of culture in society to mold what we recognize society as today. Over the next 37 years, by year 2050, I foresee many changes that will occur that will impact society significantly. We will write a custom essay sample on Breaking Down the Doors of Society or any similar topic only for you Order Now I believe a few changes that will cause the culture changes will be: the Affordable Care Act, the raises that are going to take place in the minimum wage, but most importantly, I believe society is going to take a shift for progressive and accepting views. First of all, a hot topic today and a conversation that will be occurring over the next 30 years will be health care in the United States and in the entire world. In my opinion, the changes that we are going to see take place in the United States under the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act are going to be numerous. Not only will there be plenty of changes behind the scenes with insurance companies and lath care providers, but there will be a major culture change in America as we see these changes take place. I believe this due to the fact that since an estimated 105 million Americans will no longer have lifetime dollar limits on their coverage and that 17. 6 million children will no longer be denied coverage due to pre-existing conditions, then individuals and families will no longer, hopefully, be driven into poverty due to medical bills that they cannot handle. Additionally, due to the fact that people will be covered and be able to have preventative care, then I hope to see hat people will no longer be flooding the emergency rooms whenever they get sick, which the taxpayer previously had to foot the bill. Moreover, there are many great changes that will take place, but the most visible changes, in my opinion, are going to be the cultural ones. First, I believe that with the new extension that children will be able to stay under their parents’ coverage until the age of 26, then I believe that will create some major stress relief on young adults trying to receive college educations and establish their careers. Not only that, but it may create a sort of extended adolescence that we normally saw up until the age of 22 or so, but now that may change to about 25 or 26. Finally, I feel the major cultural shift that the new health care law will create is that people will no longer be belittled or embarrassed to seek health care that they cannot afford. Additionally, due to the education that many people learned about their struggling counterparts, they will begin to respect and care for their less fortunate counterparts since many Americans learned that there re way more people struggling to afford basic health care than there should be. Secondly, I believe that a major change is in order now that the federal minimum wage is receiving heavy criticism. Now that people in the United States are beginning to see and understand how terrible life is as a minimum wage worker, a culture change is already occurring. People across all walks of life: rich, poor, liberal, conservative, religious and non-religious alike are beginning to support a raise to the federal minimum wage out of the care and sympathy they all have for the nation’s resorts families. The major changes that can take place if the federal minimum wage was changed to nine or ten dollars an hour would be exceedingly significant, in my opinion. Not only will the estimated 3. 8 million workers that were paid at or below the federal minimum wage see relief in their daily lives, but also the poverty level will decrease. Based on the new money that will be injected into the economy, businesses will be more profitable, hiring could increase, and the government will collect more in taxes from workers who now live above the poverty line and from reparations. Furthermore, there will be a radical shift in America’s poor. Less people will be reliant on federal programs such as SNAP and WICK and less people will have a disapproving attitude towards the nation’s poor who rely on these programs and are, unfortunately, seen as â€Å"moochers† or â€Å"leaches. The final and most important culture change that I believe is going to take place by the year 2050 will be the major progressive and accepting shift in individual’s attitudes. What I mean by this is that people throughout the world are going to begin to accept everyone no tater their walk of life. Less and less people are going to be looking down upon the poor, minorities, women in the workplace, atheists, homosexuals and oth er less mainstream lifestyles. I feel like this shift is already taking place today, but we are seeing major resistance that I believe is going to end over the next decade or two. Personally, I feel that individuals who desire to break the social norms are going to have more courage to do so since an increasing number of people will be supportive of their lives. For instance, more women will be seeking political and business oriented Jobs, homosexuals will no longer try to hide their true identities from their families, people will stop using stereotypes and offensive names, all religions will be accepted no matter their history and many other great changes. Moreover, families will no longer push their child towards social norms, in my outlook. Families will be closer, in my estimation, for a couple of reasons: parents will accept their children no longer who they desire to grow up to be, bigoted ideas will no longer tear families apart based on who they marry and children will be less likely to dislike their parents u to the fact that they will no longer be pushed to forget their dream and pursue a social norm. Also, I feel like these progressive shifts will lead too much smaller schism in society that disapproves of these lifestyles and way of thinking. Those that disapprove of equal marriage, interracial marriage, atheism, Islam, and many other things will be reduced to a much smaller population since others will begin to see that loving and caring for each other is most important. Lastly, I believe that this change that is taking place in more developed countries will begin to take place wrought the world, which will make the world a much better place to live in, especially in developing nations. I believe this due to the fact that people will no longer be not allowed to have Jobs based on gender, sexual orientation, race or anything else not related to work. Additionally, countries may begin to stop having laws against freedom of religion or homosexuality. All in all, I believe the sky is the limit for equality and open-mindedness in the world based on the progressive shifts in the eyes of the people. All in all, although there are many culture changes that are going to take place by the year 2050, I believe health care, the minimum wage, and the progressive shift in opinions will be the most important. Not only will these changes improve the lives of many in America and the world, but also I believe the progressive shift that is taking place already will begin to take place in a large population of people, to the relief of many. I believe that equality of everyone will become a priority, like it should’ve been forever, and by 2050 1 think it will happen. How to cite Breaking Down the Doors of Society, Papers

Type of Business †Internet Based Business Essay Sample free essay sample

The mark market. its demands and wants are an built-in portion of the selling program and a concern will merely win if clients like the merchandise or service. Through a market study the company would place possible clients. their demands and outlooks along with the monetary value the clients would be willing to pay. The market the company is aiming is in the age group which is in high school. college or merely starting work. The company would measure it mark market through a market study to measure its market potency. degree of quality and service expected. The company besides would analyze the competition in footings of their offer. strengths and failing. The apogee of these two surveies would assist the company invent how best to pass on with the client and take appropriate selling mix determinations. The profile of the client would hold to be developed in footings of The cyberspace is home to multiple companies selling dress and fabrics online. We will write a custom essay sample on Type of Business – Internet Based Business Essay Sample or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The value added experience of giving the clients to custom-make their purchases to their size or design has been in being for many old ages now. The advantage of selling on the cyberspace is that the company is â€Å"global† in its client base and has the pick of providing to clients from around the universe without a brick and motor being. The company needs to set up both the expressed and latent demands of the client and run into them to go a formidable participant on the cyberspace. The company realizes that the client does non hold a touchable experience with the merchandise until bringing and hence would necessitate to pull up a scheme which would counterbalance for this gas. The company would necessitate to make some pilot selling in footings of showcasing samples in select shops and directing out Mailers of its assorted designs and options particularly at college campus. The company would besides necessitate to supervise the altering manner tendencies and compensate for short merchandise lifecycles with speedy bringings. The company has developed a study which is a combination of subjective and nonsubjective standards which varies from Yes/No replies to utilizing point graduated tables. As the study will be posted through a weblink sent out in electronic mails and as dad ups on popular sites such as Amazon and e bay the study is restricted to 20 inquiries. The study ranges from Demographics to Factual Questions to Attitude and Open ended inquiries. The company is besides be aftering to offer the clients who fill the study wholly a price reduction on telling usage made denims from the company and extra price reduction on supplying a referral that completes the study every bit good. The questionnaire which would be administered is every bit listed below. Thank you for your clip. The company so needs to integrate this into its selling program and find the optimal selling mix so as to be profitable and maintain growing in the hereafter. Thereafter the company would necessitate to keep a client database and usage that to make promotional Mailers and competitions to advance its merchandise. The company would besides necessitate to administrate a client satisfaction study to acquire feedback from the client about the merchandise. the consequences of which can be used as a mention to other clients and on the web site to advance the public-service corporation and good will associated with the merchandise by other clients. Based on feedback from the mark market the company can see add-ons to its merchandise portfolio to run into the altering manner tendencies and demands of clients. The company could besides bind up with a T shirt company for combination trades to its clients. The general perceptual experience is that usage made denims are expensive. the company would chase away the impression by bring forthing a big volume of clients and hence gross revenues and compensate for the economic systems of graduated table got in fabricating mass made denims. Mentions

Parle G Essay Example

Parle G Essay Parle-G biscuit Parle-G  or  Parle Glucose  is a brand of  biscuits  manufactured by  Parle Products  in India. As of 2011, it is the largest selling brand of biscuits in the world according to  Nielsen. [1] Contents [hide] * 1  History * 2  Marketing * 3  References * 4  External links - History[edit source  |  editbeta] Parle Products  was established in the  Vile Parle  suburb of  Mumbai, in 1929. It began manufacturing biscuits in 1939. In 1947, when India became independent, the company launched an ad campaign, showcasing its Gluco brand of biscuits as an Indian alternative to the British biscuits. [2] Parle-G biscuits were earlier called Parle Gluco Biscuits until 1980s. The G in the name Parle-G originally stood for Glucose, though a later brand slogan also stated G means Genius. In 2013, Parle-G became Indias first domestic  FMCG  brand to cross the  Ã‚  5,000  crore  in retail sales. [3] - Marketing[edit source  |  editbeta] Primarily eaten as a tea-time snack, Parle-G is one of the oldest brand names in India. For decades, the product was instantly recognized by its iconic white and yellow  wax paper  wrapper with the depiction of a young girl named Gunjan Gundaniya on the front. Now it is available in plastic wrapping. Design of packing is same as earlier. When company change the packing of Parle-G from wax paper to plastic, they make a ad of putting of Parle-G in fish tank. The Brand Trust Report, published by Trust Research Advisory in 2011, ranked Parle in the 58th place as the Most Trusted brands of India. As f January 2013, Parle-Gs strong distribution network covered over 6 million retail stores in India. [4] The low price is another important factor in Parle-Gs popularity. Outside India, it is sold for 99 cents for a 418  gram pack as of 2012. A more common 80 gram snack pack is sold for as low as 15 cents at Indian grocers, and 40 cents at major retailers. Profile Of Parle G Company:- Par le-G or Parle Glucose biscuits, manufactured by Parle Products Pvt Ltd, are  one of the mostpopular  biscuitsinIndia. Parle-G is one of the oldest brand names as well  as the largest selling brand of  biscuits in India. We will write a custom essay sample on Parle G specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Parle G specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Parle G specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer For decades, the product was instantly recognized by its iconic white and yellowwaxpaper  wrapper with the depiction of a young girl on the front. Counterfeit companies have attempted torecreate and sell lower quality products of similar names with virtually identical package  design. The companyssloganis G means Genius . The name, Parle-G, is derived from the name of thesuburban rail station,Vile Parlewhich in turn is based on village Parle in olden days (there is also  areacalled Irle nearby where theParle Agroproduction factory is based). This popular biscuit is primarily eaten  as a tea-time snack. Parle-G is the largest selling biscuit in the world. It has a 70% market share in India in the glucose biscuitcategory followed by Britannia, Tiger (17-18%) and  ITCs Sunfeast (8-9%). The brand is  estimated to beworth over Rs 2,000 crore (Rs 20 billion), and contributes more than  50 per cent of the companys turnover (Parle Products is an unlisted company and its executives are not comfortable disclosing exact numbers). Last fiscal, Parle had sales of Rs. 3,500 crore (Rs. 35 billion). It also is popular across the world and is starting to sell in Western Europe and  US * History and Evolution ITC was incorporated on August 24, 1910 under the name Imperial Tobacco Company of India Limited. As the Companys ownership progressively Indianised, the name of the Company was changed from Imperial Tobacco Company of India Limited to India Tobacco Company Limited in 1970 and then to I. T. C. Limited in 1974. In recognition of the Companys multi-business portfolio encompassing a wide range of businesses Cigarettes amp; Tobacco, Hotels, Information Technology, Packaging, Paperboards amp; Specialty Papers, Agri-business, Foods, Lifestyle Retailing, Education amp; Stationery and Personal Care the full stops in the Companys name were removed effective September 18, 2001. The Company now stands rechristened ITC Limited. The Company? s beginnings were humble. A leased office on Radha Bazar Lane, Kolkata, was the centre of the Companys existence. The Company celebrated its 16th birthday on August 24, 1926, by purchasing the plot of land situated at 37, Chowringhee, (now renamed J. L. Nehru Road) Kolkata, for the sum of Rs 310,000. This decision of the Company was historic in more ways than one. It was to mark the beginning of a long and eventful journey into Indias future. The Companys headquarter building, Virginia House, which came up on that plot of land two years later, would go on to become one of Kolkatas most venerated landmarks. * 3. In 1975 the Company launched its Hotels business with the acquisition of a hotel in Chennai which was rechristened ITC-Welcomgroup Hotel Chola. The objective of ITCs entry into the hotels business was rooted in the concept of creating value for the nation. ITC chose the hotels business for its potential to earn high levels of foreign exchange, create tourism infrastructure and generate large scale direct and indirect employment. Since then ITCs Hotels business has grown to occupy a position of leadership, with over 100 owned and managed properties spread across India. In 1979, ITC entered the Paperboards business by promoting ITC Bhadrachalam Paperboards Limited, which today has become the market leader in India. Bhadrachalam Paperboards amalgamated with the Company effective March 13, 2002 and became a Division of the Company, Bhadrachalam Paperboards Division. In November 2002, this division merged with the Companys Tribeni Tissues Division to form the Paperboards amp; Specialty Papers Division. ITCs paperboards technology, productivity, quality and manufacturing processes are comparable to the best in the world. It has also made an immense contribution to the development of Sarapaka, an economically backward area in the state of Andhra Pradesh. It is directly involved in education, environmental protection and community development. In 2004, ITC acquired the paperboard manufacturing facility of BILT Industrial Packaging Co. Ltd (BIPCO), near Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu. The Kovai Unit allows ITC to improve customer service with reduced lead time and a wider product range. In 1985, ITC set up Surya Tobacco Co. in Nepal as an Indo-Nepal and British joint venture. Since inception, its shares have been held by ITC, British American Tobacco and various independent shareholders in Nepal. In August 2002, Surya Tobacco became a subsidiary of ITC Limited and its name was changed to Surya Nepal Private Limited (Surya Nepal). 4. In 1990, ITC acquired Tribeni Tissues Limited, a Specialty paper manufacturing company and a major supplier of tissue paper to the cigarette industry. The merged entity was named the Tribeni Tissues Division (TTD). To harness strategic and operational synergies, TTD was merged with the Bhadrachalam Paperboards Division to form the Paperboards amp; Specialty Papers Division in November 2002. ITC also ent ered the Lifestyle Retailing business with the Wills Sport range of international quality relaxed wear for men and women in 2000. The Wills Lifestyle chain of exclusive stores later expanded its range to include Wills Classic formal wear (2002) and Wills Clublife evening wear (2003). ITC also initiated a foray into the popular segment with its mens wear brand, John Players, in 2002. In 2006, Wills Lifestyle became title partner of the countrys most premier fashion event Wills Lifestyle India Fashion Week that has gained recognition from buyers and retailers as the single largest B-2-B platform for the Fashion Design industry. To mark the occasion, ITC launched a special Celebration Series, taking the event forward to consumers. In 2000, ITC spun off its information technology business into a wholly owned subsidiary, ITC Infotech India Limited, to more aggressively pursue emerging opportunities in this area. Today ITC Infotech is one of India’s fastest growing global IT and IT-enabled services companies and has established itself as a key player in offshore outsourcing, providing outsourced IT solutions and services to leading global customers across key focus verticals Manufacturing, BFSI (Banking, Financial Services amp; Insurance), CPGamp;R (Consumer Packaged Goods amp; Retail), THT (Travel, Hospitality and Transportation) and Media amp; Entertainment. 5. chairmanBoard of Y C DeveshwarDirectors EXECUTIVE DIRECTORS NakulAnand P V Dhobale K N Grant NON-EXECUTIVE DIRECTORS A Baijal S Banerjee AV Girija Kumar S H Khan S B Mathur D K Mehrotra PB H G Powell Anthony Ruys Ramanujam B BasudebSen K Vaidyanath Vijayaraghavan * 6. Also in 1990, leveraging its agri-sourcing competency, ITC set up the Agri Busi ness Division for export of agri-commodities. The Division is today one of Indias largest exporters. ITCs unique and now widely acknowledged e- Choupal initiative began in 2000 with soya farmers in Madhya Pradesh. Now it extends to 10 states covering over 4 million farmers. ITCs first rural mall, christened ChoupalSaagar was inaugurated in August 2004 at Sehore. On the rural retail front, 24 ChoupalSaagars are now operational in the 3 states of Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra and Uttar Pradesh. In 2000, ITC forayed into the Greeting, Gifting and Stationery products business with the launch of Expressions range of greeting cards. A line of premium range of notebooks under brand â€Å"Paperkraft† was launched in 2002. To augment its offering and to reach a wider student population, the popular range of notebooks was launched under brand â€Å"Classmate† in 2003. Classmate† over the years has grown to become India? s largest notebook brand and has also increased its portfolio to occupy a greater share of the school bag. Years 2007- 2009 saw the launch of Children Books, Slam Books, Geometry Boxes, Pens and Pencils under the â€Å"Classmate† brand. In 2008, ITC repositioned the business as the Education and Stationery Products Busines s and launched Indias first environment friendly premium business paper under the â€Å"Paperkraft† Brand. â€Å"Paperkraft† offers a diverse portfolio in the premium executive stationery and office consumables segment. Paperkraft entered new categories in the office consumable segment with the launch of Textliners, Permanent Ink Markers and White Board Markers in 2009. * 7. Products of Sunfeast1. Sunfeast Milky Magic2. Sunfeast Marie Light3. Sunfeast Golden Bakery4. Sunfeast Dark Fantasy5. Sunfeast Dark Fantasy Choco Fills6. Sunfeast Glucose7. Sunfeast Dream Cream8. Sunfeast Snacky9. Sunfeast sweet n salt10. Sunfeast Nice11. Sunfeast Benne Vita Flaxseed Biscuits12. Sunfeast Special13. Sunfeast Pasta14. Sunfeast Yippee! * 8. Sunfeast Milky MagicPacked with goodness of milkthese deliciously nutritious crispand crunchy biscuits are afavorite among mothers and kids. Milky Magic has the ‘Magic of 2’ -A perfect balance of energy thataids physical strength and mentalability. These biscuits strike theright balance of milk and wheatwhich helps in an all rounddevelopment and nurturing of thechild. * 9. Sunfeast Marie Light Sunfeast Marie Light Original : This ideal teatime biscuit is made from the finest quality wheat high in fibre and keeps one light and healthy through the day . Sunfeast Marie Light Orange : It has the distinction of being one of the most successful innovative Marie biscuits and is liked by one and all. Sunfeast Marie Light Oats: The first of its kind in India, Sunfeast Marie Light Oats is enriched with the goodness of natural wheat fibre and soluble oats fibre. * 10. Sunfeast Golden Bakery is a premiumcookie on an innovative anddifferentiated platform. Launchednationally in March 2008, these cookiesare made from the recipes crafted bythe master bakers of ITC Hotels and areslowly baked in the traditional way tillthey are golden brown and develop thecrispy broken crust texture. The Sunfeast Golden Bakery cookiesare available in three distinct flavours SunfeastButter-Nut, Butterscotch and Choco-Nut cookies. These products aredesigned to give consumers a rich amp; Goldentruly indulgent experience. Bakery * 11. Sunfeast Dark FantasyInspired by the Master Chefs ofITC hotels, it is the richest ofchocolate vanilla biscuits. Thesebiscuits are created usingcarefully chosen premiumingredients for a sensoryexperience unlike any other. DarkFantasy is more than a biscuit, it? sa luxurious mix of aromatic cocoaand vanilla. * 12. Sunfeast Dark Fantasy ChocoFills Sunfeast Dark Fantasy Choco Fills is the latest and the most premium offering from the portfolio of Sunfeast. An exquisite combination of luscious chocolate filling enrobed within a perfectly baked rich cookie outer. An offer that fully epitomizes the brand promise of Pure Indulgence. * 13. Sunfeast Glucose For those light hunger pangs, a wholesome amp; nutritious choice as these golden brown biscuits are made from the best quality wheat. Sunfeast Glucose biscuits are ideal not just for kids but for adults too. * 14. Sunfeast Dream CreamA truly scrumptious range ofcream biscuits that havebecome an instant hit withchildren. ITC? s chefs haveput their legendary skills intothese biscuits to deliver trulytasty cream biscuits. SpecialFlavor Crystals in theStrawberry variant keeps thecreamy flavor linger on. * 15. Sunfeast Snacky Bigger than most others in the salted biscuit category, Snacky is light and crispy like no other. From kids to adults, it’s the quintessential ‘Family Biscuit’. Available in two variants, Classic salted and Chilli flakes the very first of its kind in India. * 16. Sunfeast sweet n salt These thin and crisp biscuits come with a distinctive sundry taste, that of salt and sweetness. A bite into one of these one keeps wondering about its taste! * 17. Sunfeast Nice These are crisp coconut biscuits showered with sugar crystals. The crisp sugary sweetness will just go on to make all those nice moments nicer. * 18. Sunfeast Benne Vita FlaxseedBiscuits If Benne Vita in Italian stands for ‘Good Life’, then Benne Vita Flaxseed biscuits just make the good life better. The Flaxseed content in these protein and mineral enriched biscuits are rich source of Omega III acids that helps control cholesterol. Flaxseed is the richest plant source of these essential Omega-3 Fatty Acids. It is also rich in dietary fibre, proteins, calcium and other minerals to maintain healthy heart and good gut health. * 19. SunfeastITC Sunfeast presents a range ofSpecial cookies and creams. Special Cookies: SpecialMade with best quality wheat, cashewand butter, Sunfeast Special cookies are baked with real butter and the finest ingredients to give a mouth- watering treat that makes every moment special. Available in Cashew amp; Butter. Special Creams: Delicious value for money cream biscuits with a thick layer of cream sandwiched between two biscuits. Available in Orange, Chocolate amp; Elaichi variants. * 20. Sunfeast PastaThe Sunfeast product portfolio wasexpanded in early 2005 to includehealthy snacking options as well. Sunfeast Pasta Treat, a whole wheat based instant pasta was introduced as a healthy snacking option for children and young adults. After the tremendous success of the 4 initial flavours, (Masala, Tomato Cheese, Cheese and Sour Cream), the instant Pasta range has been extended with three new exciting flavours Pizza style, Chicken and Tangy Tomato. The  Sunfeast Open  was an annual  WTA Tour  tennis  tournament  that was started inKolkata  in 2005. The event was a Tier III-tournament with a prize money of USD 175,000 and was played on indoors  greenset. The fourth edition of the   WTA Sunfeast Open, slated to be held in  Kolkata  from October 6-12, 2008, was shifted to  Mumbai  as the dates clash with the  Durga Puja. The 2008 tournament in Mumbai, was to be held outdoors in the premises of  Cricket Club of India, unlike the previous three editions. ITC, an Indian conglomerate based out of  Kolkata  was the primary sponsor of the event. The company owns the Sunfeast brand of biscuits. Since 2008, the Sunfeast Open, has no longer been listed on the WTA calendar and hence has been cancelled after running into trouble regarding venues. ITC Limited  (BSE:  500875) or  ITC  is an Indian  conglomerate  headquartered in  Kolkata, West Bengal. [2]  Its diversified business includes four segments: Fast Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG), Hotels, Paperboards, Paper amp; Packaging and Agri Business. ITCs annual turnover stood at $7 billion and  market capitalisation  of over US$34 billion. The company has its registered office in Kolkata. It started off as the Imperial Tobacco Company of India and was renamed as the  India Tobacco Company  in 1970, I. T. C. Limited in 1974 and finally ITC Limited in 2001[3] The company is headed by  Yogesh Chander Deveshwar. It employs over 29,000 people at more than 60 locations across India and is listed on  Forbes 2000. ITC Limited completed 100 years on 24 August 2010. ITC has operations in the FMCG (Fast Moving Consumer Goods) industry, Hotels, Paperboards amp; Specialty Papers, Packaging, Agri-Business and Information Technology. While ITC is a market leader in its businesses of Hotels, Paperboards, Packaging, Agri-Exports and Cigarettes, it is rapidly gaining market share even in its nascent businesses of Packaged Foods amp; Confectionery, Branded Apparel, Personal Care and Stationery. Meera Shankar joined the board of ITC Ltd as the first women director in its history. She is an additional non-executive director of the company. [4][5] Parle G Essay Example Parle G Paper Parle-G biscuit Parle-G  or  Parle Glucose  is a brand of  biscuits  manufactured by  Parle Products  in India. As of 2011, it is the largest selling brand of biscuits in the world according to  Nielsen. [1] Contents [hide] * 1  History * 2  Marketing * 3  References * 4  External links - History[edit source  |  editbeta] Parle Products  was established in the  Vile Parle  suburb of  Mumbai, in 1929. It began manufacturing biscuits in 1939. In 1947, when India became independent, the company launched an ad campaign, showcasing its Gluco brand of biscuits as an Indian alternative to the British biscuits. [2] Parle-G biscuits were earlier called Parle Gluco Biscuits until 1980s. The G in the name Parle-G originally stood for Glucose, though a later brand slogan also stated G means Genius. In 2013, Parle-G became Indias first domestic  FMCG  brand to cross the  Ã‚  5,000  crore  in retail sales. [3] - Marketing[edit source  |  editbeta] Primarily eaten as a tea-time snack, Parle-G is one of the oldest brand names in India. For decades, the product was instantly recognized by its iconic white and yellow  wax paper  wrapper with the depiction of a young girl named Gunjan Gundaniya on the front. Now it is available in plastic wrapping. Design of packing is same as earlier. When company change the packing of Parle-G from wax paper to plastic, they make a ad of putting of Parle-G in fish tank. The Brand Trust Report, published by Trust Research Advisory in 2011, ranked Parle in the 58th place as the Most Trusted brands of India. As f January 2013, Parle-Gs strong distribution network covered over 6 million retail stores in India. [4] The low price is another important factor in Parle-Gs popularity. Outside India, it is sold for 99 cents for a 418  gram pack as of 2012. A more common 80 gram snack pack is sold for as low as 15 cents at Indian grocers, and 40 cents at major retailers. Profile Of Parle G Company:- Par le-G or Parle Glucose biscuits, manufactured by Parle Products Pvt Ltd, are  one of the mostpopular  biscuitsinIndia. Parle-G is one of the oldest brand names as well  as the largest selling brand of  biscuits in India. We will write a custom essay sample on Parle G specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Parle G specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Parle G specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer For decades, the product was instantly recognized by its iconic white and yellowwaxpaper  wrapper with the depiction of a young girl on the front. Counterfeit companies have attempted torecreate and sell lower quality products of similar names with virtually identical package  design. The companyssloganis G means Genius . The name, Parle-G, is derived from the name of thesuburban rail station,Vile Parlewhich in turn is based on village Parle in olden days (there is also  areacalled Irle nearby where theParle Agroproduction factory is based). This popular biscuit is primarily eaten  as a tea-time snack. Parle-G is the largest selling biscuit in the world. It has a 70% market share in India in the glucose biscuitcategory followed by Britannia, Tiger (17-18%) and  ITCs Sunfeast (8-9%). The brand is  estimated to beworth over Rs 2,000 crore (Rs 20 billion), and contributes more than  50 per cent of the companys turnover (Parle Products is an unlisted company and its executives are not comfortable disclosing exact numbers). Last fiscal, Parle had sales of Rs. 3,500 crore (Rs. 35 billion). It also is popular across the world and is starting to sell in Western Europe and  US * History and Evolution ITC was incorporated on August 24, 1910 under the name Imperial Tobacco Company of India Limited. As the Companys ownership progressively Indianised, the name of the Company was changed from Imperial Tobacco Company of India Limited to India Tobacco Company Limited in 1970 and then to I. T. C. Limited in 1974. In recognition of the Companys multi-business portfolio encompassing a wide range of businesses Cigarettes amp; Tobacco, Hotels, Information Technology, Packaging, Paperboards amp; Specialty Papers, Agri-business, Foods, Lifestyle Retailing, Education amp; Stationery and Personal Care the full stops in the Companys name were removed effective September 18, 2001. The Company now stands rechristened ITC Limited. The Company? s beginnings were humble. A leased office on Radha Bazar Lane, Kolkata, was the centre of the Companys existence. The Company celebrated its 16th birthday on August 24, 1926, by purchasing the plot of land situated at 37, Chowringhee, (now renamed J. L. Nehru Road) Kolkata, for the sum of Rs 310,000. This decision of the Company was historic in more ways than one. It was to mark the beginning of a long and eventful journey into Indias future. The Companys headquarter building, Virginia House, which came up on that plot of land two years later, would go on to become one of Kolkatas most venerated landmarks. * 3. In 1975 the Company launched its Hotels business with the acquisition of a hotel in Chennai which was rechristened ITC-Welcomgroup Hotel Chola. The objective of ITCs entry into the hotels business was rooted in the concept of creating value for the nation. ITC chose the hotels business for its potential to earn high levels of foreign exchange, create tourism infrastructure and generate large scale direct and indirect employment. Since then ITCs Hotels business has grown to occupy a position of leadership, with over 100 owned and managed properties spread across India. In 1979, ITC entered the Paperboards business by promoting ITC Bhadrachalam Paperboards Limited, which today has become the market leader in India. Bhadrachalam Paperboards amalgamated with the Company effective March 13, 2002 and became a Division of the Company, Bhadrachalam Paperboards Division. In November 2002, this division merged with the Companys Tribeni Tissues Division to form the Paperboards amp; Specialty Papers Division. ITCs paperboards technology, productivity, quality and manufacturing processes are comparable to the best in the world. It has also made an immense contribution to the development of Sarapaka, an economically backward area in the state of Andhra Pradesh. It is directly involved in education, environmental protection and community development. In 2004, ITC acquired the paperboard manufacturing facility of BILT Industrial Packaging Co. Ltd (BIPCO), near Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu. The Kovai Unit allows ITC to improve customer service with reduced lead time and a wider product range. In 1985, ITC set up Surya Tobacco Co. in Nepal as an Indo-Nepal and British joint venture. Since inception, its shares have been held by ITC, British American Tobacco and various independent shareholders in Nepal. In August 2002, Surya Tobacco became a subsidiary of ITC Limited and its name was changed to Surya Nepal Private Limited (Surya Nepal). 4. In 1990, ITC acquired Tribeni Tissues Limited, a Specialty paper manufacturing company and a major supplier of tissue paper to the cigarette industry. The merged entity was named the Tribeni Tissues Division (TTD). To harness strategic and operational synergies, TTD was merged with the Bhadrachalam Paperboards Division to form the Paperboards amp; Specialty Papers Division in November 2002. ITC also ent ered the Lifestyle Retailing business with the Wills Sport range of international quality relaxed wear for men and women in 2000. The Wills Lifestyle chain of exclusive stores later expanded its range to include Wills Classic formal wear (2002) and Wills Clublife evening wear (2003). ITC also initiated a foray into the popular segment with its mens wear brand, John Players, in 2002. In 2006, Wills Lifestyle became title partner of the countrys most premier fashion event Wills Lifestyle India Fashion Week that has gained recognition from buyers and retailers as the single largest B-2-B platform for the Fashion Design industry. To mark the occasion, ITC launched a special Celebration Series, taking the event forward to consumers. In 2000, ITC spun off its information technology business into a wholly owned subsidiary, ITC Infotech India Limited, to more aggressively pursue emerging opportunities in this area. Today ITC Infotech is one of India’s fastest growing global IT and IT-enabled services companies and has established itself as a key player in offshore outsourcing, providing outsourced IT solutions and services to leading global customers across key focus verticals Manufacturing, BFSI (Banking, Financial Services amp; Insurance), CPGamp;R (Consumer Packaged Goods amp; Retail), THT (Travel, Hospitality and Transportation) and Media amp; Entertainment. 5. chairmanBoard of Y C DeveshwarDirectors EXECUTIVE DIRECTORS NakulAnand P V Dhobale K N Grant NON-EXECUTIVE DIRECTORS A Baijal S Banerjee AV Girija Kumar S H Khan S B Mathur D K Mehrotra PB H G Powell Anthony Ruys Ramanujam B BasudebSen K Vaidyanath Vijayaraghavan * 6. Also in 1990, leveraging its agri-sourcing competency, ITC set up the Agri Busi ness Division for export of agri-commodities. The Division is today one of Indias largest exporters. ITCs unique and now widely acknowledged e- Choupal initiative began in 2000 with soya farmers in Madhya Pradesh. Now it extends to 10 states covering over 4 million farmers. ITCs first rural mall, christened ChoupalSaagar was inaugurated in August 2004 at Sehore. On the rural retail front, 24 ChoupalSaagars are now operational in the 3 states of Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra and Uttar Pradesh. In 2000, ITC forayed into the Greeting, Gifting and Stationery products business with the launch of Expressions range of greeting cards. A line of premium range of notebooks under brand â€Å"Paperkraft† was launched in 2002. To augment its offering and to reach a wider student population, the popular range of notebooks was launched under brand â€Å"Classmate† in 2003. Classmate† over the years has grown to become India? s largest notebook brand and has also increased its portfolio to occupy a greater share of the school bag. Years 2007- 2009 saw the launch of Children Books, Slam Books, Geometry Boxes, Pens and Pencils under the â€Å"Classmate† brand. In 2008, ITC repositioned the business as the Education and Stationery Products Busines s and launched Indias first environment friendly premium business paper under the â€Å"Paperkraft† Brand. â€Å"Paperkraft† offers a diverse portfolio in the premium executive stationery and office consumables segment. Paperkraft entered new categories in the office consumable segment with the launch of Textliners, Permanent Ink Markers and White Board Markers in 2009. * 7. Products of Sunfeast1. Sunfeast Milky Magic2. Sunfeast Marie Light3. Sunfeast Golden Bakery4. Sunfeast Dark Fantasy5. Sunfeast Dark Fantasy Choco Fills6. Sunfeast Glucose7. Sunfeast Dream Cream8. Sunfeast Snacky9. Sunfeast sweet n salt10. Sunfeast Nice11. Sunfeast Benne Vita Flaxseed Biscuits12. Sunfeast Special13. Sunfeast Pasta14. Sunfeast Yippee! * 8. Sunfeast Milky MagicPacked with goodness of milkthese deliciously nutritious crispand crunchy biscuits are afavorite among mothers and kids. Milky Magic has the ‘Magic of 2’ -A perfect balance of energy thataids physical strength and mentalability. These biscuits strike theright balance of milk and wheatwhich helps in an all rounddevelopment and nurturing of thechild. * 9. Sunfeast Marie Light Sunfeast Marie Light Original : This ideal teatime biscuit is made from the finest quality wheat high in fibre and keeps one light and healthy through the day . Sunfeast Marie Light Orange : It has the distinction of being one of the most successful innovative Marie biscuits and is liked by one and all. Sunfeast Marie Light Oats: The first of its kind in India, Sunfeast Marie Light Oats is enriched with the goodness of natural wheat fibre and soluble oats fibre. * 10. Sunfeast Golden Bakery is a premiumcookie on an innovative anddifferentiated platform. Launchednationally in March 2008, these cookiesare made from the recipes crafted bythe master bakers of ITC Hotels and areslowly baked in the traditional way tillthey are golden brown and develop thecrispy broken crust texture. The Sunfeast Golden Bakery cookiesare available in three distinct flavours SunfeastButter-Nut, Butterscotch and Choco-Nut cookies. These products aredesigned to give consumers a rich amp; Goldentruly indulgent experience. Bakery * 11. Sunfeast Dark FantasyInspired by the Master Chefs ofITC hotels, it is the richest ofchocolate vanilla biscuits. Thesebiscuits are created usingcarefully chosen premiumingredients for a sensoryexperience unlike any other. DarkFantasy is more than a biscuit, it? sa luxurious mix of aromatic cocoaand vanilla. * 12. Sunfeast Dark Fantasy ChocoFills Sunfeast Dark Fantasy Choco Fills is the latest and the most premium offering from the portfolio of Sunfeast. An exquisite combination of luscious chocolate filling enrobed within a perfectly baked rich cookie outer. An offer that fully epitomizes the brand promise of Pure Indulgence. * 13. Sunfeast Glucose For those light hunger pangs, a wholesome amp; nutritious choice as these golden brown biscuits are made from the best quality wheat. Sunfeast Glucose biscuits are ideal not just for kids but for adults too. * 14. Sunfeast Dream CreamA truly scrumptious range ofcream biscuits that havebecome an instant hit withchildren. ITC? s chefs haveput their legendary skills intothese biscuits to deliver trulytasty cream biscuits. SpecialFlavor Crystals in theStrawberry variant keeps thecreamy flavor linger on. * 15. Sunfeast Snacky Bigger than most others in the salted biscuit category, Snacky is light and crispy like no other. From kids to adults, it’s the quintessential ‘Family Biscuit’. Available in two variants, Classic salted and Chilli flakes the very first of its kind in India. * 16. Sunfeast sweet n salt These thin and crisp biscuits come with a distinctive sundry taste, that of salt and sweetness. A bite into one of these one keeps wondering about its taste! * 17. Sunfeast Nice These are crisp coconut biscuits showered with sugar crystals. The crisp sugary sweetness will just go on to make all those nice moments nicer. * 18. Sunfeast Benne Vita FlaxseedBiscuits If Benne Vita in Italian stands for ‘Good Life’, then Benne Vita Flaxseed biscuits just make the good life better. The Flaxseed content in these protein and mineral enriched biscuits are rich source of Omega III acids that helps control cholesterol. Flaxseed is the richest plant source of these essential Omega-3 Fatty Acids. It is also rich in dietary fibre, proteins, calcium and other minerals to maintain healthy heart and good gut health. * 19. SunfeastITC Sunfeast presents a range ofSpecial cookies and creams. Special Cookies: SpecialMade with best quality wheat, cashewand butter, Sunfeast Special cookies are baked with real butter and the finest ingredients to give a mouth- watering treat that makes every moment special. Available in Cashew amp; Butter. Special Creams: Delicious value for money cream biscuits with a thick layer of cream sandwiched between two biscuits. Available in Orange, Chocolate amp; Elaichi variants. * 20. Sunfeast PastaThe Sunfeast product portfolio wasexpanded in early 2005 to includehealthy snacking options as well. Sunfeast Pasta Treat, a whole wheat based instant pasta was introduced as a healthy snacking option for children and young adults. After the tremendous success of the 4 initial flavours, (Masala, Tomato Cheese, Cheese and Sour Cream), the instant Pasta range has been extended with three new exciting flavours Pizza style, Chicken and Tangy Tomato. The  Sunfeast Open  was an annual  WTA Tour  tennis  tournament  that was started inKolkata  in 2005. The event was a Tier III-tournament with a prize money of USD 175,000 and was played on indoors  greenset. The fourth edition of the   WTA Sunfeast Open, slated to be held in  Kolkata  from October 6-12, 2008, was shifted to  Mumbai  as the dates clash with the  Durga Puja. The 2008 tournament in Mumbai, was to be held outdoors in the premises of  Cricket Club of India, unlike the previous three editions. ITC, an Indian conglomerate based out of  Kolkata  was the primary sponsor of the event. The company owns the Sunfeast brand of biscuits. Since 2008, the Sunfeast Open, has no longer been listed on the WTA calendar and hence has been cancelled after running into trouble regarding venues. ITC Limited  (BSE:  500875) or  ITC  is an Indian  conglomerate  headquartered in  Kolkata, West Bengal. [2]  Its diversified business includes four segments: Fast Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG), Hotels, Paperboards, Paper amp; Packaging and Agri Business. ITCs annual turnover stood at $7 billion and  market capitalisation  of over US$34 billion. The company has its registered office in Kolkata. It started off as the Imperial Tobacco Company of India and was renamed as the  India Tobacco Company  in 1970, I. T. C. Limited in 1974 and finally ITC Limited in 2001[3] The company is headed by  Yogesh Chander Deveshwar. It employs over 29,000 people at more than 60 locations across India and is listed on  Forbes 2000. ITC Limited completed 100 years on 24 August 2010. ITC has operations in the FMCG (Fast Moving Consumer Goods) industry, Hotels, Paperboards amp; Specialty Papers, Packaging, Agri-Business and Information Technology. While ITC is a market leader in its businesses of Hotels, Paperboards, Packaging, Agri-Exports and Cigarettes, it is rapidly gaining market share even in its nascent businesses of Packaged Foods amp; Confectionery, Branded Apparel, Personal Care and Stationery. Meera Shankar joined the board of ITC Ltd as the first women director in its history. She is an additional non-executive director of the company. [4][5]

Global Warming and Carbon Credits

Global Warming and Carbon Credits Free Online Research Papers Global warming refers to the recent increase in the Earths temperature. The effects of this climate change are already being felt around the world. Scientists predict that temperatures will rise up to 6 °C further over the next century. This may cause rises in sea level, extre,e weather events such as hurricanes and heat waves, and war and disease, particularly in developing countries. It is generally agreed that global warming is caused by greenhouse gases emitted by humans into the Earths atmosphere. The biggest contributor is carbon dioxide, which is generated by burning fossil fuels such as coal, oil or gas. Every car or plane journey contributes directly to the Earths change in climate. Most of the worlds electricity is also generated from these fuels, despite renewable alternatives such as wind and solar power. The ideal solution would be an immediate and drastic drop in global carbon emissions. However this is not going to happen in our lifetimes. In fact, rapid economic development in countries such as China and India, as well as ongoing growth in the rest of the world, mean that carbon emissions are still increasing year on year. The Kyoto protocol is a first international attempt to address the issue seriously, but it has met with limited success. Enter Carbon Credits Carbon credits (or carbon offsets) offer an interim solution for companies and individuals. After calculating the quantity of carbon emitted by flying, driving and using electricity, the carbon emitter pays for a project that reduces carbon emissions by this same amount. Since greenhouse gases circulate freely in the atmosphere, this project can be located anywhere in the world. Carbon Catalog lists many different types of carbon project. Those involving solar, wind and hydroelectric power generate energy from renewable sources instead of fossil fuels. By increasing efficiency, switching fuels or generating heat and electricity together. Many projects lower energy requirements via better lighting, materials, building or public transport. After carbon dioxide, the second most important greenhouse gas is methane. While there is much less methane in the atmosphere, every tone causes 20-70 as much warming as a tone of carbon dioxide. Many projects capture industrial or agricultural methane and burn it to generate energy. The money one pays to offset one’s remaining emissions goes to projects that need funding to stop the releasing of greenhouse gases ( like supportable energy developers and rubbish heap gas capturers ) or that remove greenhouse gases from the atmosphere ( like reforesters ). CO2 emissions emitted anywhere in the world contribute to global warming and climate change. The opposite is also correct, removing or reducing greenhouse gases anywhere helps stop climate change. Kyoto protocol: Launched in the winter of 1997, the protocol was designed to establish a broad agreement between countries around the world to restrict emissions of harmful greenhouse gases. Due to the too complex membership process and split ratification standards, it took until first quarter of 2005 before it became enforced. It took a long journey to its enforcement in 2005 since negotiations were not only lengthy and complex but was also factious. Merely signing up to the Kyoto Protocol did not in itself carry any real weight. When a country agreed to ratify Kyoto Protocols conditions, it is then that it would actually come into force, and merely signing it did not mean anything. Ratification ensured that the country would actively participate in reducing emissions against a specified target. Those who were unable to do so would need to engage in emissions trading, buying credits from participating countries which had been able to reduce their emissions beyond the specification. According to the Kyoto Protocol sponsor, the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, this treaty aimed to stabilize greenhouse gas concentrations in air at a level that would not interfere with the natural climate system. To this day, 183 parties have ratified the protocol with the latest major standout to sign up being Australia. Launched in the winter of 1997, the protocol was designed to establish a broad agreement between countries around the world to restrict emissions of harmful greenhouse gases. Due to the too complex membership process and split ratification standards, it took until first quarter of 2005 before it became enforced. It took a long journey to its enforcement in 2005 since negotiations were not only lengthy and complex but were also factious. Merely signing up to the Kyoto Protocol did not in itself carry any real weight. When a country agreed to ratify Kyoto Protocols conditions, it is then that it would actually come into force, and merely signing it did not mean anything. Ratification ensured that the country would actively participate in reducing emissions against a specified target. Those who were unable to do so would need to engage in emissions trading, buying credits from participating countries which had been able to reduce their emissions beyond the specification. According to the Kyoto Protocol sponsor, the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, this treaty aimed to stabilize greenhouse gas concentrations in air at a level that would not interfere with the natural climate system. To this day, 183 parties have ratified the protocol with the latest major standout to sign up being Australia. How does it exactly work? The goal is to stop the increase of carbon dioxide emissions. The Kyoto Protocol presents nations with the challenge of reducing greenhouse gases and storing more carbon. A nation that finds it hard to meet its target of reducing GHG could pay another nation to reduce emissions by an appropriate quantity. The carbon credit system was ratified in conjunction with the Kyoto Protocol. For example, if an environmentalist group plants enough trees to reduce emissions by one ton, the group will be awarded a credit. If a steel producer has an emissions quota of 10 tons, but is expecting to produce 11 tons, it could purchase this carbon credit from the environmental group. The carbon credit system looks to reduce emissions by having countries honor their emission quotas and offer incentives for being below them. What is Carbon Trade? An idea presented in response to the Kyoto Protocol that involves the trading of greenhouse gas (GHG) emission rights between nations. For example, if Country X exceeds its capacity of GHG and Country Y has a surplus of capacity, a monetary agreement could be made that would see Country X pay Country Y for the right to use its surplus capacity. Credits versus Taxes Credits were chosen by the signatories to the Kyoto Protocol as an alternative to Carbon taxes. A drawback of tax-raising schemes is that, they are not frequently hypothecated, and so some or all of the taxation raised by a government may be applied inefficiently or not used to benefit the environment. By treating emissions as a market commodity it becomes easier for business to understand and manage their activities, while economists and traders can attempt to predict future pricing using well understood market theories. Thus the main advantages of a tradable carbon credit over a carbon tax are: 1. The price is more likely to be perceived as fair by those paying it, as the cost of carbon is set by the market, and not by politicians. Investors in credits have more control over their own costs. 2. The flexible mechanisms of the Kyoto Protocol ensure that all investment goes into genuine sustainable carbon reduction schemes, through its internationally-agreed validation process. Key players: Bank of America is a leader in carbon-reduction strategies. The bank recently launched a $20 billion, 10-year initiative to finance emission-reduction projects, invest in green technology, and facilitate carbon-credit trading. BP is among the most well-known companies to implement an internal cap-and-trade system. The company assigned its 150 units an emissions quota and allowed them to buy and sell carbon credits among themselves. The European Union Emission Trading Scheme (EU ETS) is the mandatory cap-and-trade program for the EU. The Chicago Climate Exchange (CCX) is a U.S. carbon-trading scheme in which companies make a voluntary but legally binding commitment to meet emissions targets. Impact on the environment and society: The carbon credit system, though critical at the moment does pose a lot of advantages: The money from the purchases of carbon credits is used to create renewable energy projects and develop sources of renewable energy from wind turbines and solar panels for example. Energy saving initiatives are also created using carbon credits. People in the developing world are often given investment to help them save energy. The advantages of carbon credits mean that some of the schemes used like protecting rainforest have other environmental benefits. Though schemes like this are clearly flawed because they are not offsetting any carbon like they should be doing, but are merely stopping more being released by the cutting down of trees. Carbon credits system helps in ‘storing’ carbon in the soil which helps in green growth and purification of the atmosphere Energy saved means energy gained, saving energy will gradually put up for gaining it which will increase efficiency, plus make way for better avenues of energy The carbon credits idea greatly aids in putting a cap on the unchecked release of greenhouse gases across the world. Industries that pollute the atmosphere are penalized to do so and those who do not are incentivized. Hence companies and governments are persuaded to use eco-friendly means to ensure that unabated emissions of greenhouse gases don’t occur. An international market for carbon credits makes sure that companies can opt for and practise this system without difficulty. Trading is simple under this system as the regulations and methodologies are clear and simple, and this results in its popularity and effectiveness. More than the penalty awarded to erring companies, the rewards and appreciation given to green firms is what makes this system so popular and exclusive. This means that organizations with limited emissions will come up with strategies to further curtail emissions so that they can sell more carbon credits in the international market and thereby increase their profits. Hence, this system leads to a cleaner and greener environment. A majority of nations across the world have welcomed and embraced the method of carbon credits trading, and this is probably its most important benefit. Many projects fail because they are not able to generate widespread acceptance. By getting this aspect right, carbon credits look all set to bring about a significant improvement in the environment. trading may also allow a relocation of fuel intensive industries closer to fuel sources while maintaining or decreasing the total greenhouse gas output trading allows flexibility to innovate, develop appropriate technologies for developing countries and make technological advances in effective greenhouse gas emission reduction or carbon sinks Disadvantages: The Kyoto mechanism is the only internationally-agreed mechanism for regulating carbon credit activities, and, crucially, includes checks for additionality and overall effectiveness. Its supporting organisation, the UNFCCC, is the only organisation with a global mandate on the overall effectiveness of emission control systems, although enforcement of decisions relies on national co-operation. The Kyoto trading period only applies for five years between 2008 and 2012. The first phase of the EU ETS system started before then, and is expected to continue in a third phase afterwards, and may co-ordinate with whatever is internationally-agreed at but there is general uncertainty as to what will be agreed in Post-Kyoto Protocol negotiations on greenhouse gas emissions. As business investment often operates over decades, this adds risk and uncertainty to their plans. As several countries responsible for a large proportion of global emissions (notably USA, Australia, China) have avoided man datory caps, this also means that businesses in capped countries may perceive themselves to be working at a competitive disadvantage against those in uncapped countries as they are now paying for their carbon costs directly. The biggest drawback of carbon trading is lack of a comprehensive global structure for trading. Since majority of trade in carbon credits is conducted in the global market, it is difficult for regional enterprises to make use of this system. several small enterprises are not capable of affording the expenditure on buying the machinery or implementing sophisticated techniques that would reduce their emissions. As a result, the smaller businesses are made to repeatedly buy carbon credits in this system which leads to lowering of their capability to compete with bigger organizations. Theoretically, this scheme must bring down the overall level of carbon emissions. In reality, what credit trading does at best is to shift pollution from one place to another, in fact from one company to another. In countries where it is a lot cheaper for companies to simply shift to green technology than paying carbon/abatement taxes, companies will keep earning credit. When a substantial number of companies go green and earn credits, the value of credits in the market will go down because of increased supply. Non-green companies will enjoy this supply surplus and simply buy cheap credits. There will be less and less incentive for non-green companies to shift to green technology/practices, the preferred and ideal way to environmental protection. A lot of third parties appear in the system and a global regulatory body lacks Although theoretically, carbon credits system is supposed to reduce the atmospheric pollution by getting rid of the greenhouse gases, practically it does not. It may seem, What a cool idea! But instead of reducing our own carbon emissions, we are paying other people to reduce theirs. Carbon offsets - and emissions-trading schemes, their industrial-scale siblings - are the environmental version of subprime mortgages. They both started from some admirable premises. Developing countries like China and India need to be recruited into the fight against greenhouse gases. And markets are a better mechanism for change than command and control. But when those big ideas collide with the real world, the result is hand-waving at best, outright scams at worst. Moreover, they give the illusion that something constructive is being done. A few fun facts: All the so-called clean development mechanisms authorized by the Kyoto Protocol, designed to keep 175 million tons of CO2 out of the atmosphere by 2012, will slow the rise of carbon emissions by 6.5 days. Depressed yet? Kyoto also forces companies in developed countries to pay china for destroying HFC-23 gas, even though Western manufacturers have been scrubbing this industrial byproduct for years without compensation. And wheres the guarantee that the tree planted in Bolivia to offset $10 worth of air travel, for instance, wont be chopped down long before it absorbs the requisite carbon? Nationally managed emissions-trading schemes could do a better job than Kyotos we-are-the-world approach by adding legal enforcement and serious oversight. But many economists have a safer way: a tax on fossil fuels. A carbon tax would eliminate three classes of parasites that have evolved to fill niches created by the global climate protocol: cynical marketers intent on greenwashing, blinkered bureaucrats shoveling indulgences to powerful incumbents, and deal-happy Wall Streeters looking for a shiny new billion-dollar trading toy. So we again come to the point where we ask, credits or taxes? Taxes have the following advantages: 1. Carbon taxes will lend predictability to energy prices, whereas cap-and-trade systems will aggravate the price volatility that historically has discouraged investments in less carbon-intensive electricity generation, carbon-reducing energy efficiency and carbon-replacing renewable energy. 2. Carbon taxes can be implemented much sooner than complex cap-and-trade systems. Because of the urgency of the climate crisis, we do not have the luxury of waiting while the myriad details of a cap-and-trade system are resolved through lengthy negotiations. 3. Carbon taxes are transparent and easily understandable, making them more likely to elicit the necessary public support than an opaque and difficult to understand cap-and-trade system. 4. Carbon taxes can be implemented with far less opportunity for manipulation by special interests, while a cap-and-trade system’s complexity opens it to exploitation by special interests and perverse incentives that can undermine public confidence and undercut its effectiveness. 5. Carbon taxes address emissions of carbon from every sector, whereas some cap-and-trade systems discussed to date have only targeted the electricity industry, which accounts for less than 40% of emissions. 6. Carbon tax revenues would most likely be returned to the public through dividends or progressive tax-shifting, while the costs of cap-and-trade systems are likely to become a hidden tax as dollars flow to market participants, lawyers and consultants. How can carbon credits help improve the environment and society? Carbon credits can provide a country with both monetary and non monetary benefits. Currently, carbon credits are valued at approximately â‚ ¬ 30 per metric tone. Even if a country generates 100,000 metric tons of carbon credits a year it can generate an additional â‚ ¬ 3 million which is a quite significant amount especially for a debt ridden country like India. However, if we look at the non monetary benefits, carbon credits are a gold mine as they lead to positive changes in the soil property and environmental quality. Carbon credits, in general, leads to improved soil structure, with surface structure becoming more stable and less prone to erosion. Especially significant is the subsequent increase in soil organic matter. As soil organic matter increases, soil water and nutrient capacity increases significantly. And crops will fare better during drought because infiltration and water holding capacity have improved. Also, organic matter and the associated soil biological population will increase in vigor and numbers with more diverse crop rotations. Organic matter also may bind pesticides, suppress disease organisms, and improve crop health and vigor as soil biological activity and diversity increase. These changes could become a boon for agricultural economies. With respect to environmental changes, improvements can be expected in air quality as dust, allergens, and pathogens in the air decline; in water quality as sediment and nutrient loads decline in surface water from better soil aggregation; and in agricultural productivity. Wildlife habitat also is improved with higher residue levels. However, benefits always come at a cost and these should be analyzed before the benefits are praised. COST OF CARBON CREDITS Carbon credits is not an investment free avenue. Though generating carbon credits incur very low production costs, the subsequent costs can be high. The major challenge is in measuring the quantity of carbon in trees. A range of simple to complex techniques is available for the purpose. In general, the techniques are more reliable for plantations of species such as radiata pine and certain eucalypts, but less so for plantations of other species or of mixed ages and mixed species. Other things remaining the same, measurement of carbon with higher statistical accuracy results in higher cost for the grower. Growers also incur costs in the steps leading to the sale of the carbon credits. The steps form a lengthy and costly process. Some of the key points in the process include aggregation of individual growers’ carbon into a sizeable pool; verification of the pool; issuance of carbon credit certificates by an independent agent; registration of certificates and their lodgment with an authorized market clearing house for sale; and exchange of the certificates and the monies. Also as the cost of services and transactions associated with selling carbon are subject to economies of scale; small scale growers end up paying higher cost per unit of carbon. Recently concerns have risen over the long term effects of carbon credits. Kyoto forests consist of big trees which use a lot of water. Water use by plantations, cause a reduction of approximately 38 per cent in the stream flow. This may prove fatal in the long run, especially in populated areas. Shortage of water will start a cycle which will ultimately lead to the rotting of the forests themselves thereby defeating the purpose of the effort. In spite of the multiple problems and issues, the carbon credits market is growing at a very fast rate. WORLD CARBON CREDITS MARKET The world carbon credits market is the one fastest growing market in the world. According to estimates, the market is expected to grow to between â‚ ¬ 4.6 to â‚ ¬ 100 billion by 2010, with the former estimate based on purchases of carbon credits limited to compliance only, and the latter estimate subject to international political developments. However, the Kyoto deadline of 2012 for compliance is being pegged as the accelerator for market growth and estimates say that as end of the compliance period approaches, trading will go up exponentially with the market capable of reaching as high as â‚ ¬ 150 billion. The largest current market is the European carbon credits market (EU ETS) which opened on 1st of January 2005 and began trading at â‚ ¬ 6.7 per ton of CO2. Both, prices and volumes have gone up since then and currently carbon credits are being traded at approximately â‚ ¬ 30 per ton of CO2. The volumes are expected to rise up with massive demand coming from US, Germany, China and Japan in the near future. US which has not yet ratified the protocol is one of the largest generators of emissions, generating up to 25 per cent of the world CO2 emissions every year. INDIA’S PROSPECTS India has a huge advantage when it comes to the carbon credits market. In the new regime, the country could emerge as one of the largest beneficiaries accounting for 25 per cent of the total world carbon trade, says a recent World Bank report. The country’s dominance in carbon trading is expected to be driven, not so much by the domestic industry, but more by its huge tracts of plantation land, estimated to be over 15 million hectares, much larger than Australia which aims to be a major player in emission trading by adding 2 million hectare plantation by 2020. Seeing the importance of the prospects in the Indian market, World Bank entered into an agreement with Infrastructure Development Finance Company (IDFC) in 2002 wherein IDFC was given the task of handling carbon finance operations in the country for various carbon finance facilities. World Bank also earmarked an initial investment of $ 10 million aid carbon finance to IDFC-financed projects that meet all the required eligibility and due diligence standards. Identifying the opportunities the Indian industry has already taken proactive measures. A large number of domestic companies have initiated projects in diverse areas such as energy efficiency, co-generation, natural gas alternative fuels and hydel power. But the potential is still untapped. Currently, there are only about 225 projects in India which are moving towards taking advantage of this concept as compared to the current global requirement of 350-500 million tones of additional carbon credits. Much depends on how well India can capitalize on the current scenario. If the Indian industry and government cooperate Indian stands the chance of creating a $ 5 billion carbon credits market in the next seven years. PROTOCOLS FOR THE GENERAL PUBLIC: No matter who does what, it is advisable for general public to do small things that would definitely help fight the climate crisis and purify the environment. Drive Smart! A well-tuned car with properly inflated tires burns less gasoline- cutting pollution and saving you money at the pump. If you have two cars, drive the one with better gas mileage whenever possible. Better yet, skip the drive and take public transit, walk, or bicycle when you can. Buy Local and Organic vegetables. Did you know the average urban Indian meal travels more than 1,500 miles from the farm to your plate? Think of all the energy wasted and pollution added to the atmosphere not to mention all the pesticides and chemicals used to grow most produce! So go to your local organic farmer to get your fruits and veggies. Support clean, renewable energy. Renewable energy solutions, such as wind and solar power, can reduce our reliance on coal-burning power plants. Replace incandescent light bulbs with compact fluorescent bulb: Compact fluorescents produce the same amount of light as normal bulbs, but use about a quarter of the electricity and last ten times as long. Each switch you make helps clean the air today, curb global warming, and save our money on our electricity bill. Become a smart water consumer. Install low-flow showerheads and faucets and youll use half the water without decreasing performance. Then turn your hot water heater down to 120 °F and see hot-water costs go down by as much as 50 percent. Buy energy-efficient electronics and appliances. Replacing an old refrigerator or an air conditioner with an energy-efficient model will save you money on your electricity bill and cut global warming pollution. Look for the Energy Star label on new appliances. Plant a Tree, protect a forest. Protecting forests is a big step on the road to curbing global warming. Trees breathe in carbon dioxide, but slash-and-burn farming practices, intensive livestock production, and logging have destroyed 90 percent of the native forests in the United States. And you can take action in your own backyard - planting shade trees around your house will absorb CO2, and slash your summer air-conditioning bills. Reduce! Reuse! Recycle! Producing new paper, glass, and metal products from recycled materials saves 70 to 90 percent of the energy and pollution, including CO2 that would result if the product came from virgin materials. Recycling a stack of newspapers only 4 feet high will save a good-sized tree. Pleasebuy recycled products! As the clichà ©s go â€Å"Better late than never† and â€Å"Better safe than sorry†, think about the fact that these very banal statements were thought of for a reason in the first place and were based on common observations. Thus, it is now time to be prudent rather than judgmental. CONCLUSION: The carbon credits market is a liquid market as of now. And there is nothing to support the fact it will remain the same in the time to come. But India needs additional sources of revenue to finance its infrastructural requirements and feed its ‘100 billion’ population. Even if the market stops growing in the future or ceases to exist, the non monetary effects for an agricultural economy like ours are huge enough to make the risk worth while. Considering the environmental benefits of carbon credits system, the idea is still in smoke, there is no clear picture as there lacks a global regulatory body that would control all activities and hence monitor every trade that happens and provide a much clear picture whether results are coming out of it or not. I would say that the world should start off with carbon taxes as it would initiate the seriousness and the thought process, and in the meanwhile, create a global general regulating body omitting majority of third parties and come up with a strong regulated and networked body of the carbon credit system. If proper monitoring is done, and positive results are indicated, the carbon credit system can pave way for a great future. 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